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Improve the quality of your Python APIs with Swagger
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Swagger and OpenAPI are popular tools for designing, building, and documenting APIs.
Swagger is a set of tools that includes:
Swagger Editor for designing API specifications
Swagger UI for generating API documentation
Swagger Codegen for generating API client libraries and server stubs
OpenAPI is a specification for describing APIs in a standard and machine-readable format.
FastAPI is a modern, fast, web framework for building APIs with Python 3.6+ based on standard Python-type hints. It is built on top of the popular web framework Starlette and includes built-in support for Swagger and OpenAPI. This means that when you build an API with FastAPI, you can automatically generate API documentation using Swagger UI and validate requests and responses using the OpenAPI specification.
To use Swagger and OpenAPI with FastAPI, you simply need to add a few lines of code to your FastAPI app. Here's an example of how to define a basic "Hello, World!" API using FastAPI and generating API documentation using Swagger UI:
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.openapi.docs import get_swagger_ui_html
app = FastAPI()
@app.get("/")
def read_root():
return {"Hello": "World"}
@app.get("/docs")
def read_docs():
return get_swagger_ui_html(openapi_url="/openapi.json")
In this example, we define a FastAPI app and add a route that returns a "Hello, World!" message when a GET request is made to the root path of the API. We also define a route that returns the HTML for Swagger UI when a GET request is made to the /docs path. When you run this app and access the /docs path in your browser, you will see the API documentation generated by Swagger UI.
FastAPI also includes automatic request and response validation using the OpenAPI specification. This means that when you define the request and response models for your API using Python type hints, FastAPI will automatically validate the requests and responses based on the types you define. For example, here's how you can define a request model for a POST endpoint using FastAPI and the OpenAPI specification:
from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel
app = FastAPI()
class Item(BaseModel):
name: str
description: str
price: float
@app.post("/items/")
def create_item(item: Item):
return item
In this example, we define a request model called Item using a pydantic model. We then use this model as the parameter for a POST endpoint and return the item in the response. FastAPI will automatically validate the request body to ensure that it contains a name, description, and price field with the correct types. If the request body is not valid, FastAPI will return an error response.
Swagger and OpenAPI are powerful tools for building APIs with FastAPI. They allow you to automatically generate API documentation, test APIs using a web-based interface, and validate requests and responses to ensure that your API is working as intended. If you're building an API with FastAPI, be sure to check out Swagger and OpenAPI to take advantage of their many features.
In conclusion, Swagger and OpenAPI are valuable tools for building APIs with FastAPI. They allow you to easily design, document, and test your API, ensuring that it is well-designed and working correctly. By using Swagger and OpenAPI with FastAPI, you can take advantage of their many features to make your API development process more efficient and effective.
To learn more about Swagger and OpenAPI, be sure to check out the official documentation.
You can also find a wealth of resources online, including tutorials, blogs, and examples of how to use these tools with FastAPI and other Python web frameworks.
Enjoy coding!